{"id":44671,"date":"2023-05-07T04:42:30","date_gmt":"2023-05-07T11:42:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/?p=44671"},"modified":"2025-05-28T08:13:21","modified_gmt":"2025-05-28T14:13:21","slug":"scams-in-zion-part-iii-utah-is-indeed-the-ponzi-scheme-capital-of-the-us","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/2023\/05\/scams-in-zion-part-iii-utah-is-indeed-the-ponzi-scheme-capital-of-the-us\/","title":{"rendered":"Scams in Zion, Part III: Utah is Indeed the Ponzi Scheme Capital of the US"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It\u2019s been a long time coming, but this is part III of a series on \u201cScams in Zion,\u201d with part I (showing that Latter-day Saint-heavy counties have less fraud) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/2022\/09\/scams-in-zion-part-i-do-latter-day-saints-tend-to-be-gullible-fraud-victims\/\">here<\/a>, and part II discussing our multilevel marketing problem <a href=\"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/2022\/09\/scams-in-zion-part-ii-mlms-and-utah-socio-religious-elites\/\">here<\/a>. \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here I\u2019m directly addressing a particular kind of affinity fraud we\u2019re known for: Ponzi schemes. I ran across <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ponzitracker.com\/\">a site<\/a> where a financial lawyer fairly exhaustively tracks all known Ponzi schemes in the US over one million dollars and provides a helpful database.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I went ahead and downloaded his file, pulled the number of people in each state from the Census Bureau, and created a \u201cnumber of people per Ponzi Schemes\u201d metric. (Nitty gritty, wonkish disclaimer: It\u2019s slightly apples and oranges because I\u2019m pulling the number of people from the most recent ACS 5-year estimates, whereas the Ponzi scheme database goes back to 2008, but for all practical purposes it doesn\u2019t matter because the amount of variation within states across time is nothing compared to the variation between states).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to this metric Utah is by far the highest state per capita for Ponzi schemes at one per 70,247, with the next highest being Nevada at one per 117,663.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I generated a map to show the variation across the country. Some of the very low Ponzi scheme states drown out a lot of the others, so to make it show more variation I quickly and simply set the very low states (Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma, and New Mexico) to missing.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-44676 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Screenshot-2023-05-03-at-5.59.07-PM-800x436.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"673\" height=\"374\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-44677 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Screenshot-2023-05-03-at-5.58.34-PM-800x393.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"661\" height=\"333\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To describe the pattern in one sentence it would be: Ponzi schemes are more common in financial centers on the coast (unsurprisingly) and the Mormon Corridor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A few more points:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The largest Ponzi scheme in Utah was undertaken by a father-son duo for $220 million. It mentions in the SEC documentation that they used their Church connections; Wendell Jacobsen was a bishop of a student ward.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I worked for Rick Koerber ($100 million) for a day and then quit when it was clear that the job as advertised was not the job they were going to have me do. Koerber also clearly leveraged the cachet of an emeritus general authority friend of his to attract investors.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Usually when a Church leader is involved it gets blared in the headlines. (My biggest eye rolls are when some publication in the UK says \u201cMormon Church Leader Arrested For\u2026\u201d and it\u2019s some elder\u2019s quorum secretary). Consequently, Googling around is probably an okay way to quickly check for any such cases because the media will probably pick up on it.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I found two stake presidents convicted of running a Ponzi scheme (Mouritsen and Udy). I am personally aware of another case in the database where it was a former member of a stake presidency, but his leadership position never made it into the news. His family knows my family though, so I won\u2019t make it awkward by naming him.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I found five bishops from Google (Blackwelder, Merriman, Hammons, Jacobsen, and Reid). I did this using the \u201c-\u201d advanced search operator, which allows you to search for results minus results that have a certain name, which allows you to quickly iterate and filter down the list. Let me know if I missed someone in the comments, but I *think* this got all the big ones.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One stake president <a href=\"https:\/\/globalnews.ca\/news\/86891\/church-leader-blew-whistle-as-alleged-ponzi-scheme-spread\/\">was the whistleblower<\/a> for a Ponzi scheme that was preying on his stake. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Overall, I\u2019m actually surprised that the number of leaders I found was as small as it was, given how large the proverbial Ponzi-scheming bishop looms in many people\u2019s consciousness and how many bishops there are. It goes without saying that the vast majority of Ponzi schemers are not Church leaders, but the leaders are the ones that (somewhat understandably) receive more media attention.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The more general numbers kind of speak for themselves, I don\u2019t know if I have much else to say that isn\u2019t implied in the data, and I suspect that the kind of people reading this aren\u2019t at much risk of sending their 401(k)s to brother so and so promising extravagant returns, but still, to risk saying the predictable, boring thing, the prosperity gospel and the perceived wealth\/righteousness connection <a href=\"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/2022\/05\/why-do-church-leaders-tend-to-be-wealthy\/\">I\u2019ve already written about<\/a> <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">probably feeds into our cultural penchant for get-rich-quick schemes, and the sooner we can consider the ideal life as not being defined in any way in dollar terms the better, but lip service to this ideal notwithstanding it\u2019s clear that we aren\u2019t even close to it.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>**************Note: After this post ran a comment was stuck in spam that pointed out that there was an excellent\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.deseret.com\/2019\/4\/29\/20671965\/does-utah-deserve-the-title-fraud-capital-of-the-united-states\">\u00a0Deseret News article<\/a> that did a very similar analysis a couple years ago using the same PonziTracker database. I didn&#8217;t run across it since my Googling was directed towards leader-related Ponzi schemes, and if I ever read it before I did my analysis I didn&#8217;t remember it.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It\u2019s been a long time coming, but this is part III of a series on \u201cScams in Zion,\u201d with part I (showing that Latter-day Saint-heavy counties have less fraud) here, and part II discussing our multilevel marketing problem here. \u00a0\u00a0 Here I\u2019m directly addressing a particular kind of affinity fraud we\u2019re known for: Ponzi schemes. I ran across a site where a financial lawyer fairly exhaustively tracks all known Ponzi schemes in the US over one million dollars and provides a helpful database. I went ahead and downloaded his file, pulled the number of people in each state from the Census Bureau, and created a \u201cnumber of people per Ponzi Schemes\u201d metric. (Nitty gritty, wonkish disclaimer: It\u2019s slightly apples and oranges because I\u2019m pulling the number of people from the most recent ACS 5-year estimates, whereas the Ponzi scheme database goes back to 2008, but for all practical purposes it doesn\u2019t matter because the amount of variation within states across time is nothing compared to the variation between states).\u00a0 According to this metric Utah is by far the highest state per capita for Ponzi schemes at one per 70,247, with the next highest being Nevada at one per 117,663.\u00a0 I [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10403,"featured_media":44672,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44671","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social-sciences-and-economics"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Screenshot-2023-05-03-at-3.02.43-PM.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44671","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10403"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44671"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44671\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50195,"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44671\/revisions\/50195"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44671"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44671"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/timesandseasons.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44671"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}